If you create the full set of constructions in the IDF that you want to vary across, you can use the Surface Construction State EMS actuator to swap a surface's construction from one to another on a timestep basis.

Be sure to read the full documentation, as it includes statements such as "Using the surface construction state actuator brings with it a high degree of risk when it comes to modeling thermal heat capacity and transient heat transfer in opaque surfaces. If this actuator is used inappropriately, for example to assign different constructions, to a single surface, that have radically different heat storage capacities, then the heat transfer modeling results may not be physically accurate."