Yes, the OpenStudio CLI can be used to run measures.

Specifically, you need to:

1. Create an OpenStudio Workflow (OSW) file that describes what measures you want to run, in what order, and with what arguments. You can find an example OSW here; it is also in your OpenStudio installation at Examples/compact_osw/compact.osw.
2. Run the workflow using the CLI run subcommand. You can choose whether to only apply the OpenStudio measures or whether to also run the EnergyPlus simulation.